Community Structure of Bivalves in The Mangrove Ecosystem in The Teluk Buo, Bungus Sub-district,Teluk Kabung District, Padang, Sumatera Barat Province

Abstract

Teluk Buo mangrove forest is one of tourist destination in the Sumatera Barat
Province. The input of pollutant originated from anthropogenic activities, however,
reducing the water quality and as a consequence negatively affects the mangrove
ecosystem as well as the associated organisms, including bivalves. To understand the
community structure of bivalves in the mangrove ecosystem, a research was
conducted on February 2017. The observation of bivalve community is done by
making line transects. There were 3 transect lines and in each line, 9 sub plots (1x1m)
observed. The bivalves present in the plots were collected manually everyday for 2
weeks period. Results shown that there were 6 bivalves species present, they were
Geloina erosa, Anadara antiquata, Barbatia sp., Lucinoma galathea, Chamelea
striatula and Trychardium sp. with bivalves abundance was ranged from 6,667 to
31,481 organisms/ha. The value of diversity index (H’) was 0.2650-2.403, the
dominance index (C) was 0.210-0.722 and the uniformity Index (E) was 0.059-0.563.
The bivalva community structure in Teluk Buo is moderate with the dominant species
(Geloina erosa) has been disturbed by the existence of ecological pressure and the
dominant species causing unbalanced mangrove area. Abiotic environmental factors
include temperature was 29-31 0C; pH of water was 7.3-7.5, soil pH 7.1-7.2 and
salinity was 25-340/00.
Key words: Bivalves, Mangrove Ecosystem, Teluk Buo, Water Quality