Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Pertanian
Jurnal online mahasiswa Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Riau berisikan artikel ilmiah dari skripsi dan atau sebagian dari skripsi mahasiswa strata satu (S1) Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Riau yang merupakan kewajiban mahasiswa menggunggah karya ilmiah sebagai syarat ujian sarjana. Kewajiban unggah tersebut tertuang dalam Peraturan Rektor No. 415/UN19/AK/2012 tentang Pedoman Penerbitan Karya Ilmiah Sebagai Persyaratan Kelulusan Mahasiswa Strata Satu (S1) Universitas Riau.
APLIKASI FORMULASI DOSIS MIKORIZA DENGAN KONSENTRASI AIR KELAPA DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT KAKAO (Theobroma cacao L.) DI MEDIUM ULTISOL
The problem in large scale cacao nurseries is the limitated top soil as a planting medium. The use of ultisol as a medium requires improvement with the aim of producing quality cocoa seeds.The study used a non factory completely randomized design (CRD) with 9 treatments of mycorrhizal (g) formulations with coconut water (%): 5 g and 50%, 7,5 g and 50%, 10 g and 50%, 5 g and 75%, 7,5 g and 75%, 10 g and 75%, 5 g and 100%, 7,5 g and 100%, 10 g and 100%. The result showed that the treatment mycorrhizal with coconut water had an effect on seedling height, root volume, and dry weight of cocoa seeds. Mycorrhizal dose of 10 g per polybag with 50% coconut water gave the best cocoa seed yield and could increase number of leaves, seedling weight, root volume and dry weight of cocoa seedlings. Key words:Nursery, Theobroma cacao L., Mycorrhiza, Coconut water, Ultisol
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PERBAIKAN PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN SAWI (Brassicca juncea L.) YANG DIBERI PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR
This study aims to produce mustard (Brassicca Juncea L) plants with better growth and production by applying liquid organic fertilizer. The research was conduced at the Experimental Garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, Riau University, Pekanbaru. The study was carried out from January to February 2021 in the form of a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) experiment with five treatments with four replications, each treaatment was O1 : Without liquid organic fertilizer, O2 : Dinosaurus 20 ml.1-1 water, O3 : EM4 10 ml.1-1 water, O4 : GDM 20 ml.1-1 water, O5 : Eco Farming 20 ml1-1 water. Parameters observed were plant height (cm), number of leaves (strands), fresh weight per plant (g), fresh Weight per plot (g) and fresh weight per plant fit for consumtion (g). The results of the data were analyzed statistically using variance and followed by Duncan’s multiple distance test at 5% level. The results showed that Eco Farming liquid organic fertilizer 20 ml.1-1 water and GDM 20 ml.1-1 water can improve the growth and production of mustard plants and is the best fertilizers in improving the growth and production of mustard plants. Key words :liquid organic fertilizer, mustard plants, growth and production
PEMBERIAN AIR KELAPA DAN KOMPOS SEKAM PADI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT KAKAO (Theobrom cacao L.)
Cocoa is a plantation crop that had important role for the national economy. Increasedthe cocoa production and development was determined by the availability of high quality seedling. High quality seedling were obtained by the high quality seed and and good breeding process by giving coconut water as a nature ZPT and using soil medium by adding rice husk compost.This research was carried out at Screen House and Plant Ecaphysiology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Riau. This research was conducted experimentally using Completely Randomized Design (CDR) factorial consist of two factors. Fist factor was the consentrasion of coconut water consist of four level doses (25%, 50%,75% and 100%). Second factor was the rice husk compost dose consist of three leve doses (0 g dose per 5 kg soil,150 g dose per 5 kg soil and 300 g dose per 5 kg soil). The observed parameter include seed height, rod diamater, number of leaves, leaf area, root volume, root crown ratio, and dry seedling weight. Research finding showed that the combination 75% coconut water and 150g rice husk compost increased rod diameter and dry weight. By giving 100% coconut water concentrate increased plant height, leaf area and dry weight. By giving 150% rice husk compost increased plant height, rod diameter, root volume, and dry weight. Keywords: Cocoa, Coconut Water, Rice Husk Compost
Pertumbuhan dan Hasil TanamanBawang Merah (Alliumascalonicum. L)DenganAplikasiPupuk Kalium dariKombinasiPupukKCl dan Abu JanjangKelapaSawitDenganZatPengaturTumbuhAuksin
This study aims to determine the effect of the interaction between potassium nutrients from a combination of KCl fertilizer and oil palm kernel ash by giving auxin growth regulators to the growth and yield of shallots, determining the combination of oil palm basket ash and KCl fertilizer as the best source of nutrients. potassium to increase growth and yield of shallots, and determine the best concentration of auxin growth regulators for growth and yield of shallots. This research was conducted in the experimental garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Riau from July to December 2019. In the form of a completely randomized design (RAL) factors with 2 treatments. The first treatment was 3 combinations of KCl fertilizer and palm kernel ash as a source of potassium and the second treatment was 5 concentrations of auxin growth regulators. The 15 treatment combinations obtained were repeated 3 times so that there were 45 experimental plot units. Each experimental plot was planted with 36 plants, of which 5 plants were sample plants. The parameters observed in this study included: plant height (cm); Fresh weight of tubers per hill (g); Tuber diameter (g); Number of tubers per clump (fruit); Tuber weight suitable for consumption per hill (g); Tuber dry weight per hill (g). The data obtained were processed with variance and continued with the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) at the 5% level. The results of this study were that there was no interaction between potassium nutrients from the combination of KCl fertilizer and oil palm kernel ash with the addition of auxin growth regulators to the growth and yield of shallots. The nutrient treatment of potassium only affects the height of shallot plants with the best combination of palm ash and KCl fertilizer, 50% KCl fertilizer (22.5 g KCl.plot-1) + 50% AJKS (73.125 g AJKS.plot-1). The treatment of auxin growth regulators (ZPT) affected plant fresh weight, tuber diameter and tuber weight suitable for consumption with the best auxin growth regulator concentration, which was 2000 ppm. Key words:shallot from seeds, potassium fertilizer, auxin ZPT
Evaluasi berbagai Karakter Agronomi Kedelai (Glycine max [L.] Merrill) pada Galur F7 Hasil Persilangan Grobogan dengan KM 25 Evaluationof Various Agronomic Charactersof Soybean(Glycine max [L.] Merrill) in F7LinesfromGrobogan Crossingwith KM25
The objective of this study was to evaluate various agronomic characters of soybean in F7 line from Grobogan crossing with KM25 for the potential line for F8 line. A total of ten genotypes were planted consisting of eight from F7 lines and two comparison parents (Grobogan and KM 25). The changes that observed were age of flowering, age of harvest, plant height, number of primary branches, number of pods per plant, number of pithy pods, number of seeds per plant, weight of seeds per plant, weight of 100 seeds, weight of seeds per m2, weight of plants per plot, and index of harvest. Data were analyzed statistically use SAS and the results of analysis of variance followed by test of dunnett level 5%. Analysis of variance shows that there are significant differences between F7 lines of soybean and comparison parents in age of flowering, age of harvest, plant of height, number of pods per plant, number of pithy pods per plant, weigh of seeds per plant, weight of 100 seeds, weigh of seed per m2, weight of plants per plot and index of harvest. The character of weight of seeds per plant has a wide diversity value because it is twice higher than the error standard. The characters that belongs into the group of high heritability values are number of pods per plant, number of pithy pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, weight of seeds per m2, weight of plants per plot and index of harvest. The highest selection value is on weight of plants per plot. The character with high crops and age of early maturity can be used as criteria for selecting new superior variety. keywords : soybean, agronomic characters, Grobogan, KM 25
PEMBERIAN PUPUK ORGANIK SEBAGAI CAMPURAN MEDIA TUMBUH BABY KAILAN (Brassica oleracea L.) UNTUK TIGA KALI PENANAMAN SECARA VERTIKULTUR
The research aims to determine the effect of the addition of some organic fertilizers as mixed growing medium for growth and yield of baby kailan and get the best type of organic fertilizer to support the growth and yield of babykailan plants for three times planting in verticulture. The research was carried out at the Kebun Percobaan of the Agriculture Faculty, Universitas Riau. The research lasted for four months starting from February to May 2019 and in experimentally that consisting of four treatments and arranged using a completely randomized block design (RBD) of organic fertilizer consisting of: Cow manure, Goat manure, Chicken manure, and Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (OPEFB) compost. The observed parameters were plant height (cm), number of leaves (strands), fresh weight per plant (g), plant weight for consumption per plant (g), and root volume (ml). The observational data were analyzed using the Statistical Analysis System (SAS) program. The results showed that the OPEFB compost treatment provided the best for growth and yield of babykailan in the first, second and third planting. The addition of chicken manure and cow manure as mixed growing medium for baby kailan increased growth and crop yields until the third planting compared to the first planting but higher growth and yields were shown by the addition of OPEFB compost.OPEFB compost gave the best results for three plantings for plant production parameters, namely number of leaves 19,81 leaves, fresh weight per plant71,93 g and plant weight for consumption per plant 65,09 g. Keywords:verticulture, babykailan, organic fertilizer
Uji Berbagai Produk Insektisida dalam Mengendalikan Hama Ulat Api (Setothosea asigna Eecke.) pada Bibit Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)
This Setothosea asigna is one of the main pests that attack oil palm. S. asigna pest control can be done by using insecticides cypermethrin, Bacillus thuringiensis,Beauveria bassiana and Azadirachta indica. The aim of this study was to determine the ability of various insecticide products to control S. asigna. research was carried out experimentally using a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 5 treatments and 4 replications, in order to obtain 20 experimental units. Each experimental unit consisted of 10 S. asigna larvae. The treatments given were various insecticide products consisting of 5 treatments, namely: no insecticide, cypermethrin 0.5 ml.l-1 water, Bacillus thuringiensis 2 g. l-1 water, Beauveria bassiana 2 g.l-1 water and Azadirachta indica 1 ml.l-1 water. Parameters observed were the initial death time, lethal time 50 (LT50), daily mortality, total mortality, intensity attack, temperature and humidity. The results showed that the ability of various insecticide products was different in controlling S. asigna larvae. The insecticides cypermethrin, B. thuringiensis, B. bassiana and A. indica were able to control S. asigna pests with total mortality of 87.5%, 80%, 52.5% and 80% respectively. Keywords: insecticide products, cypermethrin, B. thuringiensis, B. bassiana and A. indica
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PUPUK NPK PADA MEDIA TANAM YANG BERBEDA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN KAMBOJA JEPANG (Adenium sp.)
Japanese cambodia(Adenium sp.) is one of the horticultural commodities of ornamental plant species whose beauty lies in the flowers, roots, and stems in the form of humps. The purpose of this study was to determine the best dose of NPK fertilizer and the composition of the appropriate growing media for the growth of Japanese frangipani (Adenium sp.) plants. This research was carried out in the experimental garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, Riau University, Bina Widya Campus Km 12.5, Simpang Baru Village, Tampan Pekanbaru District for seven months, from February-August 2019. The frangipani plant seeds used were ±2 months old with NPK pearl fertilizer (16:16:16). The study was conducted in a 4x3 factorial experiment using a randomized block design (RAK) which consisted of 2 factors, so there were 12 treatment combinations. Factor I (giving planting media) consisted of four levels and Factor II (giving compound NPK fertilizer) consisted of three level. The results showed that the use of Inceptisol 100% growing media gave a better impact on the increase in the number of leaves (strands), hump diameter (mm) and the number of flowers (buds), while the planting medium with husk charcoal mixture showed the fastest first flower. Dosage of 15g NPK fertilizer per plant gave a better impact on leaf area (cm2), bulb diameter (mm), flower appearance (days), and number of flowers (buds). Keywords : Japanese cambodia, growth, growing media, fertilizer
Pertumbuhan Bibit Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) di Medium Gambut yang di Pupuk dengan Limbah Cair Pabrik Kelapa Sawit dan Cendawan Mikoriza Arbuskular
This study aims to see the effect of the interaction between palm oil mill effluent and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and to obtain oil palm seedlings that meet growth standards even though they are planted on peat medium. This research was carried out at the Experimental Garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, Riau University, Bina Widya Campus km12.5 Simpang Baru Village, Widya District, Pekanbaru City from September 2019 to January 2020. This study used a completely randomized design consisting of of 2 factors. The first factor is the volume of palm oil mill effluent which consists of 4 levels, namely 0 l/seed (control), 0.9 l/seed, 1.8 l/seed and 2.7 l/seed. The second factor was the dose of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus which consisted of 4 levels, namely 0 g/seed (control), 5 g/seed, 10 g/seed and 15 g/seed. Parameters observed during the study were nutrient uptake (mg/seed), percentage of mycorrhizal infection (%), increase in height (cm), increase in number of leaves (strands), increase in bulb diameter (cm), root volume (cm3), root crown ratio and dry weight (g). The data obtained from the observations were analyzed statistically with variance, the results of the analysis of variance that had a significant effect were then analyzed further with the Least Significant Difference (BNT) test at the 5% level. The results showed that: (1). The interaction between the application of palm oil mill effluent (LCPKS) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (CMA) on peat medium affected the nutrient uptake parameters (P and K), height increase, leaf number increase, wee diameter increase, root crown ratio and seedling dry weight. Palm oil. Meanwhile, the parameters of mycorrhizal infection percentage and root volume did not show any interaction. (2). Interaction of LCPKS treatment with a volume of 1.8 l/seed and CMA at a dose of 15 g/seed gave good results for the growth of oil palm seedlings. Keywords: Growth, oil palm nursery, peat soil, palm oil mill effluent and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
PEMBERIAN BEBERAPA KONSENTRASI EKSTRAK BIJI MAHKOTA DEWA (Phaleria macrocarpa L.) TERHADAPMORTALITAS HAMA PENGGEREK TONGKOL JAGUNG (Helicoverpa armigera Hubner) DI LABORATORIUM
Helicoverpa armigera Hubner is a pest on the corn plant. H. armigera pest control is usually performed using synthetic insecticides, however the unwise of them use can cause negative impacts to humans and the agricultural environment, then necessitating alternative insecticides that are safer and environmentally friendly such as the use of the seed extract of the crown of god (Phaleria macrocarpa L). The purpose of this study was to obtain a concentration of the extract of the crown of god seeds which was effective in controllingH. armigera. The research was conducted at the Plant Pest Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Riau University, Pekanbaru from September to November 2020. Experiments were carried using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 4 replications so that obtained 20 experimental units. Concentration of the seed extract of the crown of god as treatment are 0 g.l-1 water, 25 g.l-1 water, 50 g.l-1 water, 75 g.l-1 water and 100 g.l-1 water. The result showed that the concentration of the extract of the crown of god seeds 75 g.l-1 water able to control pests H. armigera and can cause a total mortality of 82,50% with an initial death time of 8,50 hours and lethal time 50 of 17,75 hours. Keywords: Helicoverpa armigeraHubner.,crown of god, corn, mortality.
PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) PADA KONDISI HIPOKSIA YANG DIBERI PUPUK DAUN DAN ZAT PENGATUR TUMBUH
The aims of this research is to improve the growth of seedlingspalm oil (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) under hypoxia by applying foliar fertilizers and growth regulators. This research was conducted at experimental field of the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Riau from July to November 2019. The study was conducted with a split plot design in simple pattern in three replication. The main plots were foliar fertilizer kind (D), consisting of: d1 = organic liquid foliar fertilizer, d2 = inorganic granular foliar fertilizer, and d3 = inorganic liquid foliar fertilizer. The subplots were growth regulators kind (Z), which consisted: z1 = auxin, z2 = cytokinin, and z3 = gibberellins. The variable observed were: seedling height, number of leaf midribs, tuber diameter, root shoot ratio, seedling dry weight, and seedling quality index. The data analyzed of variance, and continued by orthogonal contrast test at 5%. The results showed, no interaction between foliar fertilizers and growth regulators on all growth components of oil palm seedling in hypoxia, but foliar fertilizer affects to the dry weight of the seeds and the seed quality index, which the inorganic foliar fertilizer does increased the seedling dry weight, and seedling quality index. Keywords: Palm oil seedlings, hypoxia, leaf fertilizer and growth regulators.
Pengaruh Jarak Tanam dan Pemberian Pupuk Organik Cair terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Kedelai Hitam (Glycine max (L) Merril)
Black soybean production in Indonesia has not been able to meet national consumption. This problem can be overcome by applying liquid organic fertilizer and adjusting the spacing. This study aims to determine the effect of various spacings and concentrations of liquid organic fertilizer on the growth and production of black soybeans. This research was conducted from June to September 2019 using a completely randomized design with three replications. The first factor is the spacing between two levels, namely J1 = Planting distance (40 x 15)cm, J2 = (40 x 20)cm. The second factor is the concentration of liquid organic fertilizer (POC) consisting of 4 levels, namely: K0 = no liquid organic fertilizer + 50 kg.ha-1 Urea, 70 kg.ha-1 TSP, 100 kg.ha-1 KCl, K1= concentration 0.4% + 25 kg.ha-1 Urea, 35 kg.ha-1TSP, 50 kg.ha-1 KCl, K2 = 0.6% concentration + 25 kg.ha-1 Urea, 35 kg.ha-1TSP, 50 kg.ha-1 KCl, K3 = 0.8% concentration + 25 kg.ha-1 Urea, 35 kg.ha-1TSP, 50 kg.ha-1 KCl. Parameters observed consisted of chlorophyll content, flowering plant age, plant height, number of primary branches, harvest age, total number of pods per plant, number of pithy pods, percentage of pithy pods, number of seeds per plant, dry seed weight per plot, dry seed weight. per plant, weight of 100 seeds and harvest index. The results showed that plant spacing had a significant effect on the number of primary branches, the total number of pods per plant, the number of pithy pods, and the number of seeds per plant. The concentration of liquid organic fertilizer has a significant effect on the chlorophyll content. Interaction of plant spacing concentration of liquid organic fertilizer had a significantly affected chlorophyll content and harvest index. Keywords: Plant spacing, black soybean, liquid organic fertilize
PENGARUH PANJANG SETEK DAN LAMA PERENDAMAN DENGAN ZPT INDOLE BUTYRIC ACID (IBA) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN SETEK TANAMAN JERUK LEMON (Citrus limon(L.) Burm.f.)
Lemon plant (Citrus limon L. Burm.f.) is a horticultural commodity that is well known by the public as a multipurpose fruit. The length of the cuttings and the long immersion with ZPT can increase the growth of lemon seedlings. This study aims to determine the effect of cutting length and immersion time with ZPT Indole Butyric Acid (IBA) on the growth of citrus limon (L) Burm.f. cuttings and to obtain cutting length and duration of soaking with ZPT Indole Butyric Acid (IBA) to the best growth of lemon cuttings (Citrus limon (L) Burm.f.). This research was conducted at the Experimental Garden at the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Riau, from May to July 2019, using a factorial completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 2 treatment factors and 3 replications consisting of the first factor is the length of the cuttings consisting of 3 levels ( 10 cm, 15cm, 20cm) The second factor is the length of immersion in the IBA solution which consists of 4 levels (0 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours, 36 hours). The parameters observed were shoot appearance, shoot length, shoot number, shoot diameter, shoot dry weight, and root volume. The data obtained were analyzed statistically by using analysis of variance then continued with the further test of Honestly Significant Difference (BNJ) at 5% level. The combination of 20 cm cutting length and 24 hours immersion resulted in the best shoot length. Keywords: Lemon, Cutting Length, Soaking Time, ZPT, IBA
UJI BERBAGAI UKURAN BULBIL DAN DOSIS DOLOMIT TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN PORANG (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume.) PADA MEDIA GAMBUT
Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume.) is one of the plants that has the potential to be cultivated on peatlands. The limited number of seeds and fertile land that is decreasing indicates that efforts need to be made to increased the production and productivity of porang. This research aimed to increase the growth of porang on peat media for 6 months after planting by using bulbil size with dolomite. This research was conducted in the Technical Management Unit of Experimental Gardens, Faculty of Agriculture, Riau University from October 2020 to April 2021. This study was 4x3 factorial experiment arranged according to completely randomized design. The first factor was bulbil size which consists of four levels, (at 5,0 g-7,5 g; >7,5 g-10 g; >10 g-12,5 g; >12,5 g-15.0 g) and the second factor dose of dolomite consists of three levels, (at 2,5 ton.ha-1; 5,0 ton.ha-1; 7,5 ton.ha-1). Parameters observed were growth power, plant height, stem diameter, canopy width, rachis length, number of leaves, number of leaflets, and number of bulbil formed. Based on the results of the study, it was shown that porang has the potential to be developed in Riau Province, because it is able to adapted well to peat soils. The use of bulbil size 12,5-15,0 g and dolomite at a dose of 7,5 ton.ha-1 showed a better response to the growth of porang plants than other treatments. The results showed that the application of dolomite can improve some of the chemical properties of peat soil. Keywords : Bulbil, Dolomite, Porang, Peat
Pengaruh Konsentrasi Rootone-F terhadap Pertumbuhan Setek Pucuk Akasia ((Acacia crassicarpa A. Cunn. Ex Benth)
Acacia is generally propagated by cuttings, shoots for genetic preservation and production of large numbers of seedlings. The problem with planting acacia is when seeding cuttings. The critical period for cutting cuttings is when the cuttings have not yet taken root, while the formation of shoots requires active growth of the roots, so that during this period the number of cuttings that die during sowing is very high. The fix can be done by giving Rootone-F which is a growth regulator of the auxin type, which can stimulate and accelerate the rooting of cuttings. This study aims to determine the effect and obtain the best concentration of Rootone-F for the growth of acacia shoot cuttings. This study used a randomized block design (RBD) with five concentrations of Rootone-F treatment, namely: 0 ppm (control), 100 ppm, 200 ppm, 300 ppm, and 400 ppm. The results showed that the administration of Rootone-F had an effect on the growth of seedling height and number of leaves. Giving Rootone-F concentration of 100 ppm is the best treatment that supports the growth of acacia cuttings. Key words: Acacia, Shoot cuttings, Rootone-F, Plant regulation
PENGARUH PUPUK NPK DAN URINE KELINCI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI BAWANG MERAH (Allium ascalonicumL.)
Shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.) is one of horticultural commodities that have been intensively cultivated by farmers for a long time. The need for shallots continues to increase along with the increase in population. Currently the productivity of shallots in Riau Province is still low. This study aims to see the effect of the interaction of fertilizer application NPK and Organik Liquid Fertilizer rabbit urine and get the best dose on the growth and production of shallots. This research has been carried out at the Technical Implementation Unit (UPT) of the University of Riau, Bina Widya Campus KM 12.5, Simpang Baru Village, Tampan District, Pekanbaru. The study started from July 2019 to October 2019. The method used in this study was a factorial randomized block design (RAK) consisting of two factors, namely, the first factor was fertilizer NPK P1: 100 kg.ha-1(0,25 gram), P2 : 200 kg.ha-1(0,5 gram) dan P3 : 300 kg.ha-1(0,75 gram). While the second factor is rabbit urine liquid organic fertilizer U1 :100 ml.l-1, U2 :150 ml.l-1, U3 :200 ml.l-1 and U4 :250 ml.l-1. Observations made included plant height (cm), number of leaves (strands), number of tubers per clump, tuber diameter, weight of fresh tubers and weight of tubers fit for storage. The data obtained were analyzed by means of variance and the results of the analysis were further tested with the Duncan's test at the 5% level. Keyword(s): Shallots, NPK fertilizer, Organik Liquid Fertilizer
Efek Pemberian Pupuk Anorganik NPKMg Dan Pupuk Organik Super K Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bibit Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq) Umur 7 – 13 Bulan
This study aims to determine the effect of giving inorganic fertilizer NPKMg and organic super K fertilizer and to get the best combination dose of inorganic fertilizer NPKMg and organic super K fertilizer on the growth of oil palm seedlings at the age of 7 months. This research was conducted for 6 months starting from October 2020 to April 2021. Using a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The first factor is inorganic fertilizer NPKMg with 2 levels, namely A1: 7.5 g per polybag, A2: 10 g per polybag. The second factor is super K organic fertilizer with 3 levels, namely K1 : 6.25 g per polybag, K2 : 12.5 g per polybag, K3 : 18.75 g per polybag. Parameters observed were plant height, number of midribs, leaf width, leaf length and bulb circumference. The data obtained were analyzed statistically using analysis of variance and further tested with Duncan's New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) level 5% using the SPSS application. The results showed that the application of inorganic fertilizer NPKMg 10 g per polybag was able to increase the growth of oil palm seedlings in the main nursery. Application of organic fertilizer super K 12.5 g per polybag was able to increase the growth of oil palm seedlings. The combination of inorganic fertilizer NPKMg 10 g per polybag and organic fertilizer super K 12.5 g per polybag gave the best results for the growth of oil palm seedlings. Keywords: NPKMg inorganic fertilizer, super K organic fertilizer, oil palm seedlings
KERAGAAN KEDELAI (GLYCINE MAX.) GENERASI M1 HASIL MUTASI VARIETAS DEGA 1 DENGAN BEBERAPA KONSENTRASI ETHYL METHANE SULPHONATE
To increase soybean productivity required some efforts as one is to develop new high yielding variety or improving existing varieties. To obtain and improved a variety, one need to obtain a population with high genetic variability in order to ease the selection of new suitable cultivars. In this study, we used induce mutations using chemical mutagen, ie, Ethyl Methane Sulphonate (EMS),to increase the variability. This research had been conducted in the Plant Breeding Laboratory and Experimental Garden of the Riau University. Seed of Dega-1 Variety were soaked by solution of EMS in buffer phosphate within several concentration ie, 200 ppm, 300 ppm, 400 ppm, 500 ppm, 600 ppm and 700 ppm. Seed then were washed with aquadest to cleand remaining EMS solution and than planted together by initial Dega-1 as control in the field experiment using a completely randomized design (RAL) withfour replications. Parameters observed were plant height, number of internodesthe age of flowering, age of harvest, number of pods per plant, number of filled podsper plant, number of seeds per plant, seed weight per plant, number ofseeds per pod and type of growth, flower color, and pod color. Population variancewere calculated byMicrosoft Excel software. The homogeneity ofthe variance was tested with HOV in accordance tothe procedures of theLevene’s test. The results showed that the induction of mutations with 200 ppm of EMSincreased genetic variance in M1 generation compare toDega 1 variety for most quantitative character, including plant height, number of pods per plant, number of filled podsper plant, number of seeds per plant, and seed weight per plant. Induce the mutation by EMS solution, on the other hand, didn’t change all qualitative character. Keywords:Induced Mutation, Ethyl Methane Sulphonate, Population Variance, Quantitative Traits, Qualitative Traits
PENGARUH PUPUK MAJEMUK NPKMg DAN PUPUK ORGANIK SUPER K PADA PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) DI MAIN NURSERY
1 This study aims to determine the effect of applying NPKMg compound fertilizer and super K organic fertilizer and to get the best combination for the growth of oil palm seedlings in the main nursery, which was held from October 2020 to April 2021 in Sekijang Village, Tapung Hilir District, Kampar Regency. This research was conducted experimentally using a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The first factor is NPKMg compound fertilizer with 2 levels, namely A1: 7.5 g per polybag, A2: 10 g per polybag. The second factor is super K organic fertilizer with 3 levels, namely O1 : 6.25 g per polybag, O2 : 12.5 g per polybag, O3 : 18.75 g per polybag. Parameters observed were hump circumference, root wet weight, root dry weight, canopy wet weight, and canopy dry weight. The data obtained were analyzed statistically using analysis of variance and further tested with Duncan's multiple distance test at a level of 5% using the SPSS application. The results showed that the application of 10 g NPKMg compound fertilizer per polybag was able to increase the growth of oil palm seedlings in the main nursery. The application of super K organic fertilizer at the level of 12.5 g per polybag was able to increase the growth of oil palm seedlings. The combination of NPKMg compound fertilizer with a level of 10 g per polybag and organic super K fertilizer with a level of 12.5 g per polybag gave the best results for the growth of oil palm seedlings. Keywords:NPKMg compound fertilizer,organic super K fertilizer, oil palm seedlings
ANALISIS BIAYA PEREMAJAAN PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT PLASMA POLA PIR-BUN DI KECAMATAN KOTO GASIB KABUPATEN SIAK
This study aims to calculate the cost of replanting oil palm plants. This research was conducted in KeranjiGuguh Village and TasikSeminai Village, Koto GasibSubdistrict, Siak Regency, Riau Province, the selection of this location was based on the consideration that in these two villages the majority of the population cultivated oil palm plantations with an average plant age of 39 years. Respondents in this study were oil palm planters in KeranjiGuguh Village and TasikSeminai Village, the sampling technique used the Simple Random Sampling method, the number of samples taken was 10 farmers and 7 experts from each village. The analysis used in this research is descriptive analysis. The results of the study explain that the total cost of P0-P3 is Rp. 52,960,661/ha. While the size of the loan provided by Bank Mandiri is Rp. 87,700,000. If the land for replanting is 2 ha for each farmer, then the total cost required is Rp. 105,921,322 and the planters still have to find a lack of funds of Rp. 18,221,322. The use of the highest cost is in the activity of planting oil palm seeds, which is Rp. 7,318,500/ha and the lowest cost is for land preparation activities, which is Rp. 88,331/ha Keywords: Rejuvenation, Palm Oil, Rejuvenation Cost
Studi Konsentrasi Kalium Hidroksida (KOH) Terhadap Kualitas Karbon Aktif Tempurung Kluwak
The objective of this research was to study the effect of potassium hydroxide (KOH) activator on characteristics of kluwak shell active carbon. This research was conducted experimentally by used Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments and three replications which followed by Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) at level 5%. The treatments of this study were P1 (KOH activator 5%), P2 (KOH activator 10%), P3 (KOH activator 15%), P4 (KOH activator 20%) and P5 (KOH activator 25%). The results showed that addition of various concentrations of KOH activators significantly affected moisture content, volatile matter, ash content, pure carbon content and adsorption on iodine. Based on the results of the research, P1 (KOH activator 5%) was chosen as the best treatment which moisture content 8.53%, volatile matter 8.69%,ash content 8.73%, pure carbon content 82.59% and adsorption on iodine 1510.47 mg/g. Keywords:active carbon, kluwak, potassium hydroxide
PemanfaatanBuah Nanas dan Buah Pisang KepokdalamPembuatanFruit leather
The purpose of the study was to to get the best combination of pineapple (Ananas comususL. merr) and bananakepok (Musa paradisiaca) in making fruit leather. The research used a Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments were NP1 (Pineapple 20% :kepokbanana 80%), NP2 (Pineapple 30% : kepokbanana 70%), NP3 (Pineapple 40% : kepokbanana 60%), and NP4 (Pineapple 50% : kepokbanana 50%). The data obtained were analyzed statistically using Anova and DMRT at 5% level. The results showed that percentage of pineapple and banana significantly affected moisture content, ash content, degree of acidity (pH), crude fiber content, overall descriptive and hedonic sensory assessment. The best treatment of fruit leather from this research was NP1 with moisture content 11.15%, ash 0.71%, degree of acidity (pH) 4.73, and crude fiber 4.66%. The fruit leather of NP1 had brownish yellow in color (3.70), dominated by the banana with slight pineapple aroma (3.80), predominantly sweet with slightly sour taste (3.80), and the slightly chewy texture (2.20) and liked the most by the panelist. Keywords : banana kepok, fruit leather and pineapple.
Karakteristik Edible Film Pati Kulit Pisang Uli dengan Penambahan Lilin Lebah(Beeswax)
Banana uli peel was found to have starch content and yet it has not been optimally utilized. The objective of this research was to study the characteristic of banana uli peel starch edible film after addition with different concentration of beeswax. This research was conducted experimentally by used Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments and three replications which followed by Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) at level 5%. Treatments in this research include L0 (without beeswax), L1 (0.2% beeswax), L2 (0.3% beeswax), L3 (0.4% beeswax) and L4 (0.5% beeswax). Characterizations used in this research are test of thickness, solubility, water uptake, water vapor transmission rate, tensile strength, elongation and transparency. The results of variance analysis showed that addition of concentration of beeswax gave significantly affect on thickness, solubility, water uptake, water vapor transmission rate, tensile strength, elongation and transparency. Based on the results of the research, banana uli peel starch edible film L4 (0.5% beeswax) was chosen as the best treatment which has thickness 0.142 mm, solubility 16.34%, water uptake 86.13%, water vapor transmission rate 4.64 g/m2/hour, tensile strength 3.26 MPa, elongation 8.05% and transparency 11.69. Keywords: banana uli peel, beeswax, edible film
Pemanfaatan Lactobacillus Plantarum 1 RN2-12112 dalam Pembuatan Minuman Sinbiotik Berbasis Sari Umbi Bengkuang dan Naga Merah
This research was conducted to obtain the best concentration of starter Lactobacillus plantarum 1 RN2-12112 in the manufacture of synbiotic drinks based on yam and red dragon juice. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments were BN1 (2%), BN2 (3%), BN3 (4%), BN4 (5%) and BN5 (6%). The data obtained were analyzed statistically using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and followed by Duncan's multiple range test (DMRT) at the 5% level. The results showed that different starter concentrations had a significant effect on lactic acid bacteria, total acidity titration (pH), descriptive assessment of aroma, taste, viscosity and hedonic sensory but no significant effect on descriptive color assessment. The best treatment in this study was BN2 (3% starter concentration) which produced a synbiotic drink with a pH value of 3.86, a total lactic acid of 1.05% and a total LAB of 9.18 CFU/ml with a characteristic reddish-purple color, a characteristic fermented flavour, a slightly sour taste. acid and overall preferred by the panelists. Keywords :Lactobacillus plantarum, red dragon, yam tuber
PEMBUATAN SNACK BAR dariTEPUNG BIJI SAGA POHON (Adenanthera Pavonina L.) dengan PENAMBAHAN BUAH NANGKA KERING
Snack bar is a snack like a beam that generally consists of rice, cereals and added with dry fruit which is equipped with other ingredients such as nuts and honey. Related to that, the snack bar in this research was made from a combination of saga tree seeds flour and dried jackfruit. The purpose of this research is to obtain a snack bar with the best sensory and chemical characteristics. This research used a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments and three repetitions. The data obtained were analyzed statistically using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and followed with Duncan's new multiple range test (DNMRT) at 5% level. The treatment in this research was the difference in the ratio between saga tree seeds flour and dried jackfruit, that is SN1 (40:60), SN2 (45:55), SN3 (50:50) and SN4 (55:45). The results showed that the difference in the ratio between saga tree seeds flour and dried jackfruit had a significant effect at all observation parameters, both chemical and sensory. SN4 treatment with ratio of saga tree seeds flour : dried jackfruit (55:45) is the best treatment that most favored by the panelists and descriptively brownish in color, scented of saga seeds and jackfruit, flavored of jackfruit, had a soft density, and had chemical characteristics that are 20.63%, % moisture content,2.44 % ash content, 8.68% fat content, 16.68% protein content, 50,88% carbohydrate content and 3.68% crude fiber content. Keywords: snack bar, saga tree seeds flour, dried jackfruit
Pemanfaatan Buah Nipah dan Buah Naga Merah dalam Pembuatan Fruit leather
This study aims to get the best combination of nipa fruit and red dragon fruit. The research used a Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments and four replications. The treatment was the ratio of nipa fruit puree and red dragon fruit puree, namely: NM1 (100% and 0), NM2 (75% and 25%), NM3 (50% and 50%), and NM4 (25% and 75%). The data obtained were statistically analyzed using Anova and DNMRT at 5%. The research showed that ratio of nipa fruit puree and red dragon fruit puree showed significant effect on moisture, ash content, degree of acidity (pH), total crude fiber content, total sugar content and organoleptic tests. The best treatment of fruit leather from this research was NM4 which had moisture 12,67%, ash content 0,63%, degree of acidity (pH) 3,40, crude fiber content 2,15% and total sugar content 44,88%. The NM4 treatment had red color, a red dragon fruit flavour, sweet taste, springy texture and overall assesment of fruit leather was preferred by the panelists. Keywords:Fruit leather, nipa fruit, red dragon fruit
Pemanfaatan Tepung Biji Nangka dalam Pembuatan Mi Kering Utilization Of Jackfruit Seed Flour In The Manufacture Of Dry Noodles
Dried noodles are food products made from wheat flour with the addition of other foodstuffs and permitted food additions and typical form of noodles. Dry noodles in this study were made from jackfruit seed flour and wheat flour with the addition of ingredients of soy protein isolates and pumpkin puree. The purpose of this study was to get the best ratio of jackfruit seed flour in the manufacture of dried noodles that meet SNI 8217-2015 dry noodles. Treatment in the study was the difference in ratio between jackfruit and wheat flour, namely TN1 (90:10), TN2 (80:20), TN3 (70:30) and TN4 (60:40). The study used a complete randomized design (CRD) with four treatments and four repeats. The data obtained was then statistically analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and followed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at 5%. The results showed that the use of jackfruit seed flour in chemical analysis had a real effect on chemical parameters in this study except on fat content parameters, while in organoleptic assessment had a real effect except on color parameters and density hedonically. TN1 treatment with wheat flour and jackfruit seed flour ratio (90:10) was chosen as the best treatment that has chemical characteristics of moisture content 8.21%, ash 4.49%, protein 15.67%, fat 0.1%, carbohydrate 71.52%, coarse fiber 0.73%, wholeness of noodles 98.62% and rehydration time of 5.5 minutes as well as a descriptive color score of 3.4 (somewhat yellow-brown), aroma score of 2.53 (somewhat flavorful of jackfruit seeds), fragility score of 3.07 (somewhat hard) and hedonic color score of 4.30 (likes), aroma score of 3.57 (likes), fragility score of 3.73 (likes), overall rating score of 3.93 (likes). Keyword: Dried noodles, wheat flour, jackfruit seed flour
Perbedaan Ukuran Partikel Terhadap Kualitas Briket Arang Batang Pisang
Banana stem contain beneficial compounds hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin which is quite high but has not been utilized optimally. This research aims to utilize banana stems as the main ingredient in making charcoal briquettes and get good quality briquette formulations. The study was conducted experimentally using a complete randomized design method consisting of 5 treatments and 3 replications to get 15 expremintal unitsand continued with Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) at level 5%. The treatments in the study were particle size differences as include: 20 mesh, 40 mesh, 60, mesh, 80 mesh and 100 mesh. The parameters observed in this study were water content, vapour content, ash content, bound carbon content, density, fueled power and calorific value. The result of analysis of variance showed that the particle size charcoal dry banana stem had a significant effect on were water content, vapour content, ash content, bound carbon content, density, fueled power and calorific value. Selected treatment was 40 mesh which has water content 5.67%, vapour content 19,49%, ash content 17,66%, bound carbon content 57,17%, density 0.51g/cm3, fueled power 59x10-4 g/sec and calorific value 5304.13 cal/g. Keywords:briquettes, dry banana stem, particle size
Karakterisasi Plastik Boidegradable dari Pati Onggok Singkong dan Nata De Coco
Tapioca solid waste from the processing of tapioca still contains starch, which can be used as a raw material for making biodegradable plastic. The purpose of this study was to obtain the best formulation in the manufacture of biodegradable plastics from cassava starch and nata de coco. This research was carried out experimentally using a completely randomized design (CRD). The treatments in this research were the ratio of tapioca solid waste and nata de coco, which are ON1(95:5), ON2(90:10), ON3(85:15) and ON4(80:20) in 10 g biodegradable plastic formulations. The results showed that the tapioca solid waste and nata de coco had a significantly affected on thickness, water resistance, water vapor transmission, tensile strength, elongation, and. biodegradation timebut has no significant effect on thickness. The best treatment chosen was ON4 ratio of tapioca solid waste and nata de coco (80:20) having thickness of 0.15 mm, water resistance 80.56% s, water vapor transmission 9.14 (g/m2/hour), tensile strength of 4.16 MPa, elongation of 33.81%, and biodegradation for 6th days. Keywords : Biodegradable plastic,nata de coco, tapioca solid waste
PEMBUATAN NUGGET IKAN KEMBUNG DENGAN PENAMBAHAN BAYAM MERAH
The purpose of this study was to obtain the best ratio of mackerel and red spinach in making nugget. The research method used a completely randomized design with five treatments and three replications. The treatments in the study consisted of IB1 = mackerel : red spinach (90:10), IB2 = mackerel : red spinach (85:15), IB3 = mackerel : red spinach (80:20), IB4 = mackerel : red spinach (75:25), IB5 = mackerel : red spinach (70:30). The data obtained were analyzed statistically using analysis of variance and continued with the Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) at the 5% level. The results showed that the ratio of mackerel and red spinach meat significantly affected moisture content, ash content, fat content, protein content, fiber content, descriptive and hedonic sensory assessment on the attributes of color, aroma, chewiness, taste, and overall assessment. Based on this research, the best treatment is IB2 = mackerel : red spinach (85:15) with a moisture content of 45.04%, an ash content of 0.76%, a fat content of 4.31%, a protein content of 12.43%, a crude fiber content 0.31%, and antioxidants 1.506.13 ppm. Based on sensory observations the panelists generally preferred hedonic with a description of a grayish brown color, fish scented, slightly chewy, slightly fishy taste and slightly spinach taste. Keywords: nugget, mackerel, red spinach.
Pemanfaatan Buah Sirsak dan Wortel dalam Pembuatan Velva
Velva is a frozen dessert made from fruits that have low fat and high fiber content. This research aimed was to obtain the best combination of soursop and carrot puree for the chemical quality and sensory of velva. This study used a complete randomized design with five treatments and three replications, resulting in 15 experimental units. The treatment was the ratio of soursop and carrot puree namely: SW1 (90:10), SW2 (80:20), SW3 (70:30), SW4 (60:40), and SW5 (50:50). Parameters observed in this study included pH, overrun, melting time, crude fiber content, vitamin C and sensory evaluation (descriptive and hedonic test). The best treatment was SW1 (soursop puree and carrot puree with ratio 90:10) with pH 5.65, overrun 6.33%, melting time 21.92 minutes, crude fiber 5.47%, and vitamin C 17.82 mg. The result of the descriptive test of the velva from the best treatment was very orange color, very soursop fruit flavor, very soursop taste, very soft in texture, and overall liked by the panelist. Keywords:carrot, soursop, velva
Penambahan Umbi Bit Terhadap Karakteristik Sari Buah Apel
ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to obtain the additional effect of beetroot to the organoleptic content and nutrional manalagi apple juice. The research method used a completely randomized design with five treatments and three replications. The treatments consisted of AB1 (ratio of apple juice and beetroot juice 100:0), AB2 (ratio of apple juice and beetroot juice 90:10), AB3 (ratio of apple juice and beetroot juice 80:20), and AB4 (ratio of apple juice and beetroot juice 70:30) and AB5 (ratio of apple juice and beetroot juice 60:40). The data obtained were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance and continued with Duncan's New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) at the 5% level. The results showed that combination of apple juice and beetroot juice significantly affected pH value, total dissolved solids and viscosity as well as color, aroma, taste and overall acceptance. The best treatment was AB3 (ratio of apple juice and beetroot juice 80:20). The product had pH value content 3.61, total dissolved solids 16.50 ˚brix, viscosity 1.402 cP, color 3.40 (red), 3.10 (aroma of apple and beetroot), taste 3.00 (taste of apple and beetroot) and overall rating with a score of 2.93 (rather like). Keywords:Apple juice, beetroot juice, juice
Pemanfaatan Buah Nanas Dan Kelopak Bunga Rosella Dalam Pembuatan Fruit Leather
The purpose of the study was to get the best combination of pineapple fruit and roselle flower in making fruit leather. The research used a Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 3 replications.The treatment was the ratio of pineapple and roselle petal puree namely NR1 (100:0), NR2 (90:10), NR3 (80:20), NR4 (70:30) and NR5 (60:40).The data obtained were analyzed statistically using Anova and DNMRT at 5% level. The research showed that rasio of pineapple fruit pureeand roselle flower puree showed significant effect on moisture, content, ash content, degree of acidity (pH), reduction sugar content, antioxidant activity content and organoleptic test. The best treatment of fruit leather from this research wasNR5 which was water content 11,24%, ash content 0,32%, degree of acidity (pH) 2,90, reduction sugar content 34,84%, antioxidant activity content 95,447 µg/ml. Has a red color, roselle scented, sour taste, the texture rather springy and preferred by the panelist for overall assessment. Keywords :fruit leather, pineapple puree and roselle petals puree
Penambahan Asam Sitrat terhadap Kualitas Tepung Pisang Batu
The use of citric acid in banana stone flour can play an important role in preventing various digestive tract problems. The purpose of this study was to obtain the best concentration of citric acid as a soaking material for the quality of the banana flour produced. This research was conducted experimentally using a completely randomized design with five treatments and three replications in order to obtain 15 experimental units. The treatments in this study were AS1 (citric acid concentration 0.5%), AS2 (citric acid concentration 1.5%), AS3 (citric acid concentration 2.5%), AS4 (citric acid concentration 3.5%) and AS5 (citric acid concentration 4.5%). Data were analyzed statistically using analysis of variance and continued with Duncan's Multiple Distance Test (DMRT) at the 5% level. The results showed that the concentration of citric acid had no significant effect on the moisture content and ash content of the stone banana flour, but had a significant effect on the total plate count, crude fiber as well as the color descriptive test results and overall assessment of the stone banana. The best treatment in this study was AS5 treatment (citric acid concentration 4.5%) produced a water content of 6.430%, ash content 1.496%, starch content 36.366%, total plate number 1.333 log CFU/g, crude fiber content 0.910%, with descriptions stone banana flour was yellowish-white in color, had a banana flavor, and overall panelists like it. Keywords : banana stone flour, citric acid and water
Pemanfaatan Buah Labu Kuning Dan Buah Nanas Dalam Pembuatan Fruit Leather
Fruit leather adalah produk makanan sejenis manisan kering berbentuk lembaran tipis yang mempunyai konsistensi dan cita rasa khas suatu jenis buah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh rasio terbaik dari perbandingan bubur buah labu kuning dengan bubur buah nanas terhadap mutu fruit leather.Penelitian ini dilaksanakan secara eksperimen dengan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan sehingga diperoleh 16 unit percobaan.Perlakuan dalam penelitian fruit leather terdiri dari kombinasi rasio bubur buah nanas dan bubur labu kuning dengan perbandingan NLk1 (20:80), NLk2 (30:70), NLk3 (40:60), dan NLk4 (50:50).Parameter yang diamati dari fruit leather yaitu kadar air, kadar abu, derajat keasaman (pH), kadar gula pereduksi, dan uji organoleptik. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan ANOVA dan DNMRT pada taraf 5%. Perlakuan terbaik fruit leather dari penelitian ini adalah NLk1 (rasio bubur buah nanas dan bubur buah labu kuning 20:80) yaitu memiliki kadar air 10.26%, kadar abu 0.77%, derajat keasaman (pH) 4.71, kadar gula pereduksi16.01%, berwarna cokelat (skor 4.20) beraroma buah labu kuning (skor 3.90), berasa manis (skor 3.50) dan bertekstur keras (skor 2.40). Panelis juga melakukan penilaian hedonik secara keseluruhan fruit leather yaitu perlakuan NLK1 disukai (Skor 3.90). Keywords:fruit leather, buburbuah labu kuning, bubur buah nanas.
RESPON PERTUMBUHAN SEMAI MERANTI MERAH (Shorea leprosula Miq.) TERHADAP PEMBERIAN PUPUK CAIR URIN SAPI DI BAWAH NAUNGAN TEGAKAN KELAPA SAWIT
Shorea leprosula is a Dipterocarpacean tribe that is very adaptive in open areas, both in submerged and dry peatlands. This is one of the triggering factors for cultivating Shorea leprosula plants in Riau, which are predominantly peatlands. Superior plants of Shorea leprosula need to use fertilizers as a medium to improve plant quality. One of them is cow urine waste that can be used at an affordable price and is easily available and has a function as a plant pest control. This study aims to determine the response of the growth of Shorea leprosula to the application of liquid cow urine fertilizer under the shade of oil palm stands. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD), which consisted of 4 (four) treatments, with four replications in order to obtain sixteen experimental units. Each experimental unit consisted of five Shorea leprosula seedlings, with a total number of 80 seedlings. The treatment carried out was administration of cow urine. The results showed that the dose of liquid cow urine fertilizer had an effect on the growth of Shorea leprosula sedlings in the treatment of 20% cow urine liquit fertilizer (K1) by showing the percentage of 100% life yield, and the increase in seed height of 6,86 cm. Keywords : Shorea leprosula, cow urine, peat
STUDI KEBERADAAN BERBAGAI JENIS BURUNG DI WAHANA EKOWISATA MANGROVE SUNGAI RAWA KECAMATAN SUNGAI APIT
Mangrove Ecotourism Rawa River is a mangrove forest that remains on the East Coast of Sumatra Island that has a high conservation value. This mangrove forest becomes a place for flora and fauna that live interconnected. This research aims to find out the diversity of bird species in mangrove ecotourism sungai rawa. Research data collection uses the IPA (Index Point of Abundance) and Rapid Assessment Methods by observation to obtain data directly in the region. The data was analyzed using formulations of type diversity, type equality, type similarity and abundance of types. Based on data processing obtained 20 types of birds from 13 bird families, namely, Centropus bengalensis, Pycnonotus cyaniventris, Dinopium javanense, Prinia familiaris, Granulax lugubris, Collocalia esculenta, Treron fulvicollis, Eudynamys saturates, Picus vittatus, Acridotherestristis, Zosterops palpebrosus, Rhipidura javanica,Geopelia striata, Ixobrychus eurhythmus, Butorides striatus, Todirhamphus sanctus, Celeus brachyurus,Picoides moluccensis), Cikalang, Tringa brevipes. With the magnitude of each diversity index on land zoning 2.36, central zonation 2.76, coastal zonation 1.93. For the type leveling index on land zonation 0.02, central zonation 0.02, coastal zonation 0.05. The type similarity index is classified as high with a magnitude of 57 %-97% and for the abundance of middle zonation types is highest with the number of 20 types. Keywords: Mangrove Ecotourism Sungai Rawa, diversity of birds, species richness
KEANEKARAGAMAN DAN SEBARAN SATWA PRIMATA DI TAMAN HUTAN RAYA SULTAN SYARIF HASYIM KABUPATEN SIAK PROVINSI RIAU Diversity and Distribution Primate Animalsofin Sultan Syarif HasyimForest Park Siak Regency Riau Province
Sultan Syarif Hasyim Forest Park is a conservation area with a lowland topography located in Minas District, Siak Regency, Riau Province and has a conservation function. The main function of Tahura SSH is as a nature conservation area that aims to collect flora and fauna, especially primates. Primates are one of the endangered wildlife in nature. One of the efforts that must be done is to conserve animals in their natural habitat in a sustainable manner. This study uses the line transect method by going directly to the field and recording the required data. Data analysis used the formula for estimating density, species diversity, species richness, and primate spatial distribution patterns. Based on data processing obtained 4 primate species consisting of Hylobatidae, namely Cercopithecidae which includes Nokah Lutung (Presbytis femoralis), Long-tailed Monkey (Macaca fascicularis), Beruk (Macaca nemestrina) and Hylobatidae namely Ungko (Hylobates agilis). The SSH Tahura Era has a primate diversity index in the low category with an average of 1.35 and species richness which is also in the low category with a magnitude of 0.85 close to 1. Keywords: Primates, Conservation, Sultan Syarif Hasyim, Forest Park
UJI KONSENTRASI EKSTRAK DAUN BINTARO (Cerbera Manghas) TERHADAP HAMA KUTU PUTIH (Paracoccus Marginatus) PADA PEMBIBITAN EKALIPTUS (Eucalyptus Pellita) PT. ARARA ABADI DISTRIK SOREK
Alternative use of insecticides from natural ingredients that are safe, relatively inexpensive and easily obtained, as the leaves Cerbera manghas. This study was conducted to determine the effect of leaf extract Cerbera manghas as botanical insecticides against the pest control Paracoccus marginatus on nursery Eucalyptuspellita, and get the concentration of the best of the level of mortality of pest Paracoccus marginatus on nursery Eucalyptuspellita. This research method using a completely Randomized Design consisting of four treatments and four replicates so that there are 16 units of the experiment. The treatment in this study include the concentration of the leaf extract Cerbera manghas 30 g/l of water, the concentration of 40 g/l of water, the concentration of 50 g/l of water and control. Parameters measured in this study is the starting time of the death of the insect test, the lethal time (LT50), the mortality daily, total mortality as well as temperature and humidity. Data analysis was performed using analysis of variance for a completely randomized design one of the factors using SPSS 20.0. Furthermore, if the treatment gave a real effect on the productivity of pine resin, then test the map in the form of Test Duncan's New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) at the level of 5%. The concentration of leaf extract Cerbera manghas 50 g/l of water is the concentration of the best in controlling Paracoccus marginatus with the results of the preliminary time of death of the insect test the fastest way is 9.25 hours, the best time lethal to 50% (LT50) Paracoccus marginatus is 29,50 hours and total mortality amounted to 100.00%. Keywords: Cerbera manghas, Paracoccus marginatus, Eucalyptus pellita, Leaf Extract.
PENGARUH MEDIA TANAM COCOPEAT TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN SEMAI AREN (Arenga pinnata Merr.)
Arenga pinnata is a commodity that has high economic value, but hasn’t been utilized optimally. The population of Arenga pinnata is decreasing. This happens because forest encroachment and felling of Arenga pinnatatrees are not balanced with the regeneration of young plants. Based on the nature ofArenga pinnataand its utilization, it is recommended to plant in stages so that the availability of plants is guaranteed.Cocopeat growing media is suitable for rehabilitation of critical land in dry climates. Cocopeat functions to keep plant roots from drying out and hydrated properly. The research was carried out using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments with 5 replications in order to obtain 20 experimental units. Each replication consisting of 5 experimental samples, so that the total seedling used is 100 experimental units. This research used 4 treatments with cocopeat composition, P1 = 100% soil planting medium as control P2 = 75% soil planting medium + 25% cocopeat P3 = 50% soil planting medium + 50% cocopeat P4 = 25% soil planting medium + 75 cocopeat %. The data obtained from the results of the study were statistically analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and using Duncan's New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) at the 5% level. Cocopeat growing media has a significant effect on leaf surface area. The composition of the best cocopeat growing media used for the growth of Arenga pinnata seedlings is a composition of 75% cocopeat + 25% soil, with 100% percentage live of seedlings, an increase in seedling height of 10,08 cm, leaf surface area of 102 cm 2 . Keywords: Arenga pinnata, cocopeat, growth
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERPENGARUH TERHADAP PENDAPATAN KELOMPOK TANI HUTAN DARI BUDIDAYA LEBAH MADU KELULUT (Trigona spp.) BINAAN BALAI TAMAN NASIONAL BUKIT TIGAPULUH DI KECAMATAN BATANG GANSAL
Kelulut honey bees are a non -timber forest product that is used as medicine, but many other benefits other than being used as a medicine for kelulut honey can be used as business development or community income. Development of kelulut honey bee cultivation by Bukit Tigapuluh National Park by forming a Forest Farmers Group. The establishment of Forest Farmers Group is one of the community empowerment activities that will be carried out by Bukit Tigapuluh National Park in Batang Gansal Subdistrict, among which are built by Forest Farmers Group, namely Jelemu Bengayauan Forest Farmers Group, Tualang Sejahtera Forest Farmers Group, and Tunas Harapan Forest Farmers Group. Honey bee farming is a side job that contributes significantly to income. In the development of kelulut honey bee farming, there are several problems with kelulut honey income differences. So we need any factors that affect the cultivation of honey bees kelulut. This study aims to determine the factors that affect the income of forest farmers constructions Bukit Tigapuluh National Park in Batang Gansal District. This study uses saturated sampling method (census) and data collection obtained through interviews, observations, and document studies. Data obtained from the research results were analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis. The results show that the factors that influence the cultivation of kelulut honey bees on Forest Farmers Group income can be seen from the aspect of cultivation techniques, the aspect of kelulut honey bee feed, and the aspect of forestry extension. Keywords: Income of Forest Farmers Group, Kelulut Honey Bees (Trigona spp.), Bukit Tigapuluh National Park.
IDENTIFIKASI DAERAH JELAJAH SIMPAI (Presbytis melalophos) MENGGUNAKAN APLIKASI SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS DI CAMP GRANIT TAMAN NASIONAL BUKIT TIGA PULUH
Simpai (Presbytis melalophos) or Sumatran surili is one of the primate species that has an important role for nature in the smooth process of natural forest succession. Simpai (Presbytis melalophos) is one of the endemic monkeys on the island of Sumatra from the family Cercopithecidae which is a rare and threatened primate based on the Regulation of the Minister of Environment and Forestry of the Republic of Indonesia Number P.20/MENLHK/SETJEN /KUM.1/62018. Camp Granite is one of the hoop habitat locations in Bukit Tiga Puluh National Park. However, until now there has been no information reporting research on hoops in the area. This study aims to find out information about the roaming area of the Simpai group (Presbytis melalophos) at Camp Granite Bukit Tiga Puluh National Park. The data collection in this study used a concentrated observation method with direct and hidden observations so as not to interfere with hoop activities. The data were analyzed using a geographic information system, namely the ArcGis 10.3 application. Based on the data results, the hoop group in the Camp Granite area has a roaming area of 3.66 ha. The range of hoops in thearea Camp Graniteis at coordinates S 00º 49' 42,240”, E 102º 31' 37,380”- S 00º 49' 53,040”, E 102º 31' 40,440” and S 00º 49' 46,620”, E 102º 31' 35,160”-S 00º 49' 50,400”, E 102º 31' 42,300” Keywords: Simpai (Presbytis melalophos), Roaming Area, Camp Granit.
Kontribusi Agroforestri Terhadap Pendapatan Rumah Tangga Petani (Studi Kasus Kecamatan Simpang Kanan Kabupaten Rokan Hilir)
Agroforestry is land management system aims to overcome a problem of availability on land and increase land productivity. The community in Simpang Kanan sub-district, Rokan Hilir district, has practiced an agroforestry system with a mixed garden pattern, selecting plant types on the agroforestry land to get higher yields or increase income. Mixed gardens practiced by farmers are gardens with diverse types of crops. The types of forestry plants developed by the farmers include mangosteen, durian, pasak bumi, meranti, kulim, mahang and other types of forestry plants. As for non-forestry crops, the farmers chose agricultural crops such as secondary crops and plantation crops such as oil palm. The purpose of this study was to determine the components of agroforestry in Simpang Kanan Subdistrict, Rokan Hilir Regency and to find out the contribution of agroforestry in Simpang Kanan Subdistrict, Rokan Hilir Regency to farmers' income. This research uses observation method, survey method and literature study. Observation method is carried out by direct observation of the research object, survey method data is collected by conducting direct interviews with agroforestry land owners and literature studies are obtained by studying literature, reports, scientific works, research results, and other sources related to research. Data analysis was carried out in a quantitative descriptive manner based on the results of observations that had been made. The results of this study found 3 types of basic components of agroforestry land owned by farmers. The constituent components are forestry plants as many as 16 species and 125 trees, agricultural plants found as many as 9 species and plantation crops namely oil palm plantations. Total income from agroforestry business is Rp. 57,418,500/year. This value contributes 48% of the total income of farmers. Keyword: agroforestry, contribution, revenue, composition.
Lama Penyangraian Terhadap Sifat Fisiko-Kimia Biji Kopi Arabika Nagari Lasi Kecamatan Canduang Kabupaten AgamProvinsi Sumatera Barat
Roasting is the process of forming flavor to coffee beans which is carried out using high temperatures. Currently, there is still little data on how the proper roasting. This research was conducted to determine the effect of roasting time on changes in the physico-chemical properties of Arabica coffee. The research design used was a completely randomized design (RAL) non factorial with roasting time treatment consisting of 10 minutes, 12 minutes, 14 minutes, 16 minutes, and 18 minutes. The results showed that the roasting time had an effect on moisture content, ash content, degree of acidity, caffeine content, hedonic aroma, and arabica coffee color. Roasting temperature of 220°C with roasting time of 10 minutes was the best treatment to produce the best physical characteristics and quality of arabica coffee, namely with a water content of 2.41%, 4.09% ash content, 4.87 degree of acidity, 2.54% caffeine content, aroma scoring 3.80, color L 25,97. Keywords: Arabica coffee, roasting, roasting duration
Analisis Rantai Pasok Kopra di Kecamatan Kempas Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir
This research aims to analyze supply chain flows, marketing channels, marketing margins, marketing share, marketing efficiency and find out the most efficient marketing network for copra commodities in Kempas District, Indragiri Hilir Regency. The research method used is descriptive qualitative including supply chain flow analysis and quantitative descriptive by calculating marketing margin, marketing share and marketing efficiency. Respondents in this study were 5 farmers, 3 collectors and 1 wholesaler. Respondents in this study were 5 farmers, 3 collectors and 1 wholesaler. The results showed that the copra supply chain in Harapan Tani Village, Kempas District, Indragiri Hilir Regency, exist 2 supply chain networks, network 1: farmers - collectors traders and network 2: farmers - collectors - wholesalers, and 3 streams managed, product flow, flow of money and flow of information. Network I, farmer’s have a marketing margin was6.066 IDR, the value of farmer shareis 66,73%, and the value of marketing efficiency is 23,72%. Network II, farmer’s have a marketing margin was6.200 IDR, the value of farmer shareis 66,24%, and the value of marketing efficiency is 25,35%. Collectors traders have a marketing margin of 4.867 IDR and the value of farmer shareis 73,50%. Keywords: copra, supply chain, marketing margin, marketing efficiency, marketing share
Analisis Nilai Tambah, SaluranPemasaran dan SistemManajemenRantaiPasok di CV Gaharu Plaza Indonesia Pekanbaru
CV Gaharu Plaza Indonesia is one of the few companies that processes agarwood in the Riau province. Poor marketing systems causes the product to be unable to compete in the market. The purpose of this research is to identify and analyse the supply chain management system of agro-industry and efficient marketing channels at CV Gaharu Plaza Indonesia. This research was observed using descriptive quantitative and qualitative analysis methods. Qualitative descriptive analysis is used to analyse the mechanism of supply chains. Descriptive quantitative is used for measuring added value and marketing efficiency. Marketing efficiency can be determined by calculating marketing margin, farmer’s share and marketing efficiency. The value added of the actors are as follows: agarwood farmer (86%), CV Gaharu Plaza Indonesia (88%) and distributor (25%). Agarwood tea’s marketing consist of 3 channels, channel 2 is the efficient channel consisting of marketing margin IDR 7000, farmer’s share 65% and marketing efficiency 8%. Keywords: agarwood tea, supply chain, Hayami method, farmer’s share, marketing efficiency
UJI DAYA HASIL PENDAHULUAN GALUR F7 TANAMAN KEDELAI [GLYCINE MAX (L.) MERRIL] HASIL PERSILANGAN GROBOGAN DENGAN KM 19
This study was intended to evaluate yield potential several F7 lines of soybean selected from crossing of Grobogan x KM 19. A field experiment was held at the Faculty of Agriculture, Riau University Experiment Station from May 2020 to August. Ten genotypes of soybean consisting of 8 F7 lines and the two parent were planted in the plot with treee replications. Theplots were assigned in randomized block design with three replications. The data obtained were analyzed by the procedure of analysis of variance and then further tested by the Dunnet test at the 5% level. The results showed that components of genetic variance and heritability were greater than zero for some characters including flowering age, harvest age, number of seeds per plant, seed weight of seed per plant, weight of 100 seeds, and yield of seeds per m2. There were found a quiete high selection response value for some characters including the number of seeds per plant and yield per m2. It was also found several lines that were better than the two parents, including GK 19-3-42 with a higher number of filled pods, GK 19- 3-11 with the higher 100 seed weight, GK 19-3-31 has a higher grain yield per m2 and higher dry weight per plot. Line GK 19-3-41 had a faster harvest date and GK 19-3-12 had a higher grain yield than the KM 19 parent. Keywords: genetic variance, heritability, selection response, soybean genotype
EVALUASI HASIL DUA POPULASI GALUR-GALUR F7 HASIL PERSILANGAN GROBOGAN x KM 19 DAN GROBOGAN x KM 25
Productivity of soybean in Indonesia is still low due mainly to environmental and genetic factors as well as improper cultural practices. The productivity can be increased; however, by the improvement of soybean varieties and developing new varieties. This study was intended to compare yield potential of two F7 populations derived from crossing Grobogan x KM 19 and Grobogan x KM 25. A field experiment was conducted in the Factulty of Agriculture Experiment Station, Riau University located in Pekanbaru from April to July 2021. Nineteengenotypes consisting of eight F7 lines each from crosses of Grobogan x KM 19, and Grobogan x KM 25, included their three parents were each planted in a 3 m by 2 m plot with 3 replications. Data obtained from this study were analyzed by usinganalysis of variance and then were tested by the Dunnet test at the 5% level. To compare the two populations, t-testprocedure was applied.The results showed significant difference of 19 genotypes on all characters tested except for plant height, while the t-test imposed to the two populations did not show significant differences for the 11 tested characters. Keywords: soybean genotypes, productivity, t Test
Sifat Fisikokimia Biji Kopi Robusta Solok Radjo dengan Lama Penyangraian Berbeda
The roasting is the process of forming the color and aroma of green coffee beans. The coffee roasting process not only changes the physical appearance of the coffee beans but also rearranges the chemical makeup. This study aims to obtain the best roasting time on the physicochemical properties of Robusta Solok Radjo coffee beans based on SNI 01-3542-2004. The research design used was a completely randomized design (RAL) non factorial with roasting time treatment consisting of roasting time consisting of 8 minutes, 10 minutes, 12 minutes, 14 minutes, and 16 minutes. The results showed that the duration of roasting had a significant effect on moisture content, ash content, degree of acidity, and caffeine content in roasted coffee beans. The best treatment in this study was L1 treatment with a roasting time of 8 minutes. The L1 treatment of roasted coffee beans in this study had an average value of water content of 2.22%, ash content of 3.09%, degree of acidity 5.06, caffeine content 1.56%, color index 27.65%. The hedonic assessment obtained by an average rating of the aroma of roasted coffee beans was 3.87 (like). Parameters of water content, ash content, caffeine content and aroma have met SNI 01-3542-2004. Keywords: robusta coffee, roasting, roasting duration
Suhu Penyangraian Terhadap Sifat Fisikokimia Biji KopiRobustaKayu Aro KerinciProvinsiJambi Roasting Temperature on Physicochemical Properties of Kayu AroKerinci Robusta Coffee Beans Jambi Province
Roasting is the process of forming the distinctive aroma and taste of coffee from coffee beans carried out using high temperatures. Currently there is little literature on how to properly roast coffee products to produce quality roasted coffee. This research was conducted to determine the effect of roasting temperature on changes in the physicochemical properties of robusta coffee. The research design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with roasting temperature treatments consisting of 190 °C, 200 °C, 210 °C, 220 °C, 230 °C, and 240 °C. Baking is 10 minutes. The results showed that the roasting temperature treatment affected the moisture content, ash content, acidity, caffeine content, aroma (hedonic), and color of robusta coffee. The temperature chosen for roasting 190 °C with a roasting time of 10 minutes is the best treatment to produce the best physicochemical properties, namely with water content of 2.35%, ash content of 4.01%, degree of acidity (pH) 5.16, caffeine content of 1 , 13%, aroma score 3.90, color index L 26.64. Keywords: robusta coffee, roasting, roasting temperature